That’s a Awful Lot of Cough Syrup: Risks and Side Effects

Cough syrup is a common medication used to treat coughs and colds. It is readily available over the counter in most drug stores and pharmacies. However, like any medication, there are risks and side effects associated with cough syrup. Coughing is a natural body reflex to clear out the respiratory tract. However, excessive coughing can be uncomfortable and disrupt daily activities. Cough syrup is a medication that helps to suppress coughing by numbing the cough reflex in the brain.

Types of Cough Syrup

There are two main types of cough syrup – expectorants and suppressants.

Expectorants

Expectorants work by thinning the mucus in the respiratory tract, making it easier to cough up. These types of cough syrup are commonly used to treat chest congestion and coughs that produce phlegm.

Suppressants

Suppressants reduce the brain’s cough reflex, making it less likely to cough. These types of cough syrup are commonly used to treat dry, hacking coughs that do not produce phlegm.

Risks of Cough Syrup

While cough syrup is generally safe when used as directed, there are risks associated with its use.

Addiction

Some cough syrups contain codeine, a narcotic that can be addictive. Prolonged use of cough syrup containing codeine can lead to dependence and addiction.

Overdose

Overdosing on cough syrup can cause serious health problems, including seizures, coma, and even death. Cough syrups that contain codeine are particularly dangerous when taken in large quantities.

Interaction with other medications

Cough syrup can interact with other medications, including prescription and over-the-counter medications. It is important to read the label and check with a healthcare professional before taking cough syrup with other medicines.

Allergic reactions

Some people may be allergic to the ingredients in cough syrup. Allergic reactions can range from mild to severe. They can include hives, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the face and tongue.

Side Effects of Cough Syrup

In addition to the risks associated with cough syrup, there are also side effects that can occur.

Drowsiness

Cough syrup can cause drowsiness, which can be dangerous when driving or operating heavy machinery.

Nausea and vomiting

Some people may experience nausea and vomiting when taking cough syrup.

Constipation

Cough syrup can cause constipation, particularly if taken for a long time.

Dizziness

Cough syrup can cause dizziness, particularly in older adults.

Conclusion

Cough syrup can be an effective medication for treating coughs and colds. However, it is important to understand the risks and side effects associated with its use. It is also important to use cough syrup as directed and to check with a healthcare professional before taking it with other medications.

FAQs

Is cough syrup safe for children?

Cough syrup is generally safe for children over the age of 4. However, using the appropriate type and dosage of cough syrup for a child’s age and weight is important.

Can cough syrup be used during pregnancy?

Checking with a healthcare professional before taking cough syrup during pregnancy is important. Some types of cough syrup may not be safe for use during pregnancy.

Can cough syrup cause liver damage?

Yes, cough syrup can potentially cause liver damage if taken excessively or for prolonged periods. Some cough syrups contain high levels of acetaminophen. This common pain reliever can be toxic to the liver when consumed in large doses. Overdosing on acetaminophen can cause liver damage, liver failure, or even death. In addition, some cough syrups may contain other ingredients that can harm the liver or interact negatively with other medications. It’s important to use cough syrup as directed by a healthcare professional and to avoid taking more than the recommended amount.

Is cough syrup bad for you?

Cough syrup can be harmful when consumed excessively or inappropriately. While it can effectively relieve cough and cold symptoms, some cough syrups contain ingredients that can be addictive or cause adverse effects when taken in high doses.

Why does cough syrup make you sleepy?

Some cough syrups contain antihistamines or other ingredients that can cause drowsiness as a side effect. These ingredients are intended to help reduce cough and relieve congestion. Still, they can also affect the brain and central nervous system, leading to drowsiness or sedation. Additionally, coughing can be tiring and exhausting, and taking a cough syrup that helps suppress coughing can make you feel more relaxed and sleepy. 

Why does cough syrup taste so bad?

Cough syrup often tastes bad due to its active ingredients, such as antihistamines, expectorants, and cough suppressants. These ingredients are not typically designed to taste good; many have a bitter or unpleasant flavour. Additionally, cough syrup may contain alcohol or other additives that can further affect the taste. While some cough syrups may have flavours added to make them more palatable, the taste may still be unpleasant to some individuals.

Can I drink water after cough syrup?

Yes, you can drink water after taking cough syrup. In fact, drinking water can help to soothe your throat and keep you hydrated, which can be beneficial when you have a cough or cold. It’s generally recommended to wait a few minutes after taking cough syrup before drinking water or eating, as this can help the medication to be absorbed properly and be more effective in treating your symptoms. However, follow the instructions on your cough syrup label or as advised by your healthcare professional.